Alexander Valerievich Khalifman (born January 18, 1966) is a Russian chess Grandmaster, who was the FIDE World Chess Champion from 1999 to 2000. During his early years, he won various tournaments both in Russia and abroad, eventually being awarded International Master title in 1986 and Grandmaster title in 1990.
Khalifman's steady climb to the top was halted by the collapse of the USSR. However, his career saw a resurgence in the late 1990s, which culminated in his win at the FIDE World Chess Championship 1999 where he defeated Vladimir Akopian in the final.
Post his championship win, Khalifman was unable to replicate his success in the subsequent FIDE Championships. He however maintained respectable performances in other tournaments, including victory at the European Club Cup 2008.
Khalifman has also contributed to theoretical chess, creating the "Khalifman Variation" in the French Defence and authoring the book series 'Opening for White According to Kramnik.'
In 2002, Khalifman founded a chess school called "Grandmaster School" in his birth city Saint Petersburg. He also runs Chess School Online, which focuses on individual training programs for players of all levels. Despite his dedication to teaching, he remains an active player in team events.
His playing style is characterised by strategic depth, excellent defensive technique and deep opening preparation in a variety of chess opening systems. Despite controversies around the 1999 championship, his reputation as a strong chess player and respected teacher remains intact.