The Rise of Early Modern Science: Islam, China and the West
Toby E. Huff
Cambridge University Press, 2nd Edition (2003)
This study examines the long-standing question of why modern
science arose only in the West and not in the civilizations of Islam
and China, despite the fact that medieval Islam and China were
more scientifically advanced. To explain this outcome, Tony E. Huff
explores the cultural - religious, legal, philosophical, and
institutional - contexts within which science was practised in Islam,
China, and the West. He finds in the history of law and the European
cultural revolution of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries major clues
as to why the ethos of science arose in the West, permitting the
breakthrough to modern science that did not occur elsewhere. This
line of inquiry leads to novel ideas about the centrality of the legal
concept of corporation, which is unique to the West and gave rise to
the concepts of neutral space and free inquiry.
Originally posted by SeitseThe legal concept of corporation had an important part to play in the moving away from mercantilism (nationalistic zero sum games were no longer key to economic decisions) but I fail to see how that was the central turning point that led to the Western scientific revolution. It certainly helped the economic explosion during the industrial revolution but that's far too late. The bulk of the scientific method was already there.
[b]The Rise of Early Modern Science: Islam, China and the West
Toby E. Huff
Cambridge University Press, 2nd Edition (2003)
This study examines the long-standing question of why modern
science arose only in the West and not in the civilizations of Islam
and China, despite the fact that medieval Islam and China were
more scientifically advance ...[text shortened]... ich is unique to the West and gave rise to
the concepts of neutral space and free inquiry.[/b]
I think we need to look at the roots of rationalism for the main clues. The obvious starting point would be the Renaissance, I guess.
This too will pass.
Pathfinders: The Golden Age of Arabic Science
Jim Al-Khalil
Allen Lane, 2010
For over 700 years the international language of science was Arabic. In Pathfinders, Jim al-Khalili celebrates the forgotten pioneers who helped shape our understanding of the world.
All scientists have stood on the shoulders of giants. But most historical accounts today suggest that the achievements of the ancient Greeks were not matched until the European Renaissance in the 16th century, a 1,000-year period dismissed as the Dark Ages. In the ninth-century, however, the Abbasid caliph of Baghdad, Abu Ja'far Abdullah al-Ma'mun, created the greatest centre of learning the world had ever seen, known as Bayt al-Hikma, the House of Wisdom. The scientists and philosophers he brought together sparked a period of extraordinary discovery, in every field imaginable, launching a golden age of Arabic science.
Few of these scientists, however, are now known in the western world. Abu Rayhan al-Biruni, a polymath who outshines everyone in history except Leonardo da Vinci? The Syrian astronomer Ibn al-Shatir, whose manuscripts would inspire Copernicus’s heliocentric model of the solar system? Or the 13th-century Andalucian physician Ibn al-Nafees, who correctly described blood circulation 400 years before William Harvey? Iraqi Ibn al-Haytham who practised the modern scientific method 700 years before Bacon and Descartes, and founded the field of modern optics before Newton? Or even ninth-century zoologist al-Jahith, who developed a theory of natural selection a thousand years before Darwin?
Originally posted by DrKFIsn't that the standard view?
This too will pass.
[b]Pathfinders: The Golden Age of Arabic Science
Jim Al-Khalil
Allen Lane, 2010
For over 700 years the international language of science was Arabic. In Pathfinders, Jim al-Khalili celebrates the forgotten pioneers who helped shape our understanding of the world.
All scientists have stood on the shoulders of giants. But most hi ...[text shortened]... ologist al-Jahith, who developed a theory of natural selection a thousand years before Darwin?[/b]
I guess comparing the greatness of researchers and philosophers is a bit silly, but the main point is pretty uncontroversial. Scientific research was much more productive in the Arab World during that period.
Originally posted by PalynkaI was feeding Seitse new-found love of history of science...
Isn't that the standard view?
I guess comparing the greatness of researchers and philosophers is a bit silly, but the main point is pretty uncontroversial. Scientific research was much more productive in the Arab World during that period.
Originally posted by DrKFNobody doubts the genius of early Islam scholars. The main question is why didn't they run with it like western scientists did hundreds of years later. My guess is they didn't quite put it together to invent calculus and the advent of western telescopes, that all happened in the west, steam engines that revolutionized mining for instance. None of those things happened in early Islam.
This too will pass.
[b]Pathfinders: The Golden Age of Arabic Science
Jim Al-Khalil
Allen Lane, 2010
For over 700 years the international language of science was Arabic. In Pathfinders, Jim al-Khalili celebrates the forgotten pioneers who helped shape our understanding of the world.
All scientists have stood on the shoulders of giants. But most hi ...[text shortened]... ologist al-Jahith, who developed a theory of natural selection a thousand years before Darwin?[/b]
Originally posted by sonhouseIslam was one of the most open and questioning of religions until around the 11th to 12th centuries when they began considering that questioning anything concerning Islam or god was heresy.
Nobody doubts the genius of early Islam scholars. The main question is why didn't they run with it like western scientists did hundreds of years later. My guess is they didn't quite put it together to invent calculus and the advent of western telescopes, that all happened in the west, steam engines that revolutionized mining for instance. None of those things happened in early Islam.
Originally posted by sonhouseThe point of this thread, exactly.
Nobody doubts the genius of early Islam scholars. The main question is why didn't they run with it like western scientists did hundreds of years later. My guess is they didn't quite put it together to invent calculus and the advent of western telescopes, that all happened in the west, steam engines that revolutionized mining for instance. None of those things happened in early Islam.
I am a bit surprised how it has become in Europe such
a heresy to debate Islam, its history and its merits. It
is as if everybody would be afraid of being bombed.
There was a time when questioning, as a system, triggered
the greatness of Western civilization. Now it has become
an insult.
Originally posted by SeitseWhat do you think of the author's premise regarding the centrality of the legal concept of corporation?
The point of this thread, exactly.
I am a bit surprised how it has become in Europe such
a heresy to debate Islam, its history and its merits. It
is as if everybody would be afraid of being bombed.
There was a time when questioning, as a system, triggered
the greatness of Western civilization. Now it has become
an insult.
Originally posted by PalynkaI would recommend a great book called...
What do you think of the author's premise regarding the centrality of the legal concept of corporation?
The Company: A Short History of a Revolutionary Idea
by Micklethwait & Wooldridge (Author)
... otherwise:
Indeed, it is too a far complex phenomena to attribute
it solely to a legal fiction.
Originally posted by SeitseI think you mistake 'debating Islam' with 'agreeing with your thoughts on Islam'. I suspect you are an angry narcissist.
The point of this thread, exactly.
I am a bit surprised how it has become in Europe such
a heresy to debate Islam, its history and its merits. It
is as if everybody would be afraid of being bombed.
There was a time when questioning, as a system, triggered
the greatness of Western civilization. Now it has become
an insult.
Over on debates, as you well know, there are regular debates on Islam, its history and its merits. That people say they find the sort of rhetoric you espouse is tendentious, crudely provocative, reactionary, hate-filled bilge doesn't mean they think debate to be heresy: they are debating (after a fashion; it is RHP Debates, after all). It's not that they're not questioning, it's that they are questioning you and your account.
Originally posted by SeitseI don't think anyone could seriously maintain with a straight face for long that Western civilisation is not intrinsically superior -- and by a country mile -- to Islam. But in your zeal to establish this point you have overlooked a minor detail. It's all very well to talk about Western civilisation but let's face it, the only part of it that made any material contribution to scientific progress was that inhabited by Britons. Newtonian mechanics, steam, world exploration, the Industrial Revolution -- you name it, anything worth doing was done first and best by Great Britain. Stolid Germans, emotional Latins, hot-blooded Muslims with their tendency to run amok -- all owe a considerable debt to the Englishman, the only creature on the planet capable of rational thought.
The point of this thread, exactly.
I am a bit surprised how it has become in Europe such
a heresy to debate Islam, its history and its merits. It
is as if everybody would be afraid of being bombed.
There was a time when questioning, as a system, triggered
the greatness of Western civilization. Now it has become
an insult.
Originally posted by Bosse de NageIf only we all had stiff upper lips...
I don't think anyone could seriously maintain with a straight face for long that Western civilisation is not intrinsically superior -- and by a country mile -- to Islam. But in your zeal to establish this point you have overlooked a minor detail. It's all very well to talk about Western civilisation but let's face it, the only part of it that made any ...[text shortened]... iderable debt to the Englishman, the only creature on the planet capable of rational thought.