Originally posted by ark13Not too impressed, eh Phabby? I'm sorry. I'll try harder next time.😞:'( blubber blubber I just wasn't in the mood for monkey rants today. I think I've conquered my fear temporarily, while trying to interpret my dream in the help forum. I could use your help Phlabby, or anyone else. I think the meaning of this dream could change my life.
BWAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA!
Monkey Facts
*
* Monkey does not like to be touched (unless instructed to do so by Monkey) Do not make direct eye contact with Monkey for more than 4 seconds
* Monkey has an IQ of 174 - don't f--- with him or play mind games
* Monkey has no patience
* Monkey DOES NOT like Monkey jokes
* Monkey loves to be massaged, however, do not rub Monkey the wrong way
* Monkey can and will exhibit outbursts of sudden and deadly rage if provoked
* If Monkey goes into sudden rage and you are within striking distance, please do the following:
o fall to the ground immediately - lie face down
o be absolutely quiet and play dead for 4 minutes
o slowly put hands behind your head and spread legs apart
o whistle something soothing while very gradually standing up
o without making direct eye contact, apologize to Monkey for possibly being the cause of his outburst
* Monkey gets/takes what he wants and wants it yesterday
* Monkey does not settle
Organizations Which Determine Conservation Status
USESA - The United States Endangered Species Act
IUCN - The World Conservation Union
CITES - The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species
Health Risks of NonHuman Primates
The following is a sample of health problems associated with nonhuman primates. It is not an exhaustive list. Some of these problems occur rarely, while others pose a significant health risk. Given our genetic closeness, there is always the possibility of transmission from human to nonhuman primate or from nonhuman to human. This is just a brief account, to educate and raise awareness of this issue - to learn more about any of these, including symptoms and treatment, and to find references, visit the sources at the end of these lists.
OW = Old World Primates; NW = New World Primates
transmission = common mode of transmission
Bacterial Diseases
There is little difference in susceptibility to this type of disease between most primate species; however, macaques are more susceptible to tuberculosis and enteric bacteria, while NW primates are more susceptible to the water-borne agents (Pseudomonas or Klebsiella.) The bacteria that deserve the most concern are Mycobacteriaciae (responsible for tuberculosis,) Shigella/Salmonella, Campylobacter, and Klebsiella.
* bordetellosis - OW or NW
transmission: respiratory
* branhamella catarrhalis - "bloody nose syndrome" in cynomolgus macaques
transmission: aerosol
* campylobacteriosis - OW or NW; asymptomatic carriers are common; one of the leading causes of diarrhea in human beings
transmission: oral
* escherichia coli -
transmission: fecal-oral
* heliobacteriosis - OW, prevalent in rhesus stomachs
transmission:oral
* klebsiella - OW or NW; primarily opportunists affecting primates that have a lowered resistance, for example, those with inadequate nutrition. An infected primate poses threat to human infants or children with a mild respiratory infections - reduced level of health can increase liklihood of infection. Klebsiella is present in stagnant water, dirty drinking receptacles, soil, and as flora of the alimentary tract.
transmission: respiratory - carried in nose and throat
* leprosy - Normally OW, but limited to certain species, like mangabeys, others may be resistant
transmission: respiratory, possibly skin
* listeriosis - widespread in the environment
transmission: oral from contaminated food, transplacental
* pseudomonas spp. - P. aeruginosa and P. pseudomallei; human mortality from P. pseudomallei is about 80%
transmission: P. aeruginosa ubiquitous is in moist environments worldwide. P. pseudomallei is an environmental saprophyte in SE Asia
* salmonellosis/shigellosis - caused by separate organisms, but signs, symptoms, and treatment are similar; both are frequently present in the alimentary tract of nonhuman primates; Shigellosis is a significant zoonotic disease that has frequently been transmitted from non-human primates to man.
transmission: fecal-oral; humans can be carriers of shigellosis, with no symptoms; spreads in monkey colonies via feces - carriers are common and can constitute the majority of animals in a colony. Stress can bring on disease.
* staphylococcus
transmission: commonly carried asymptomatically in the nose and throat but occasionally infects breaks in the skin and invades the bloodstream
* streptococcus (diplococcus) pneumoniae
transmission: respiratory
* tetanus - OW or NW
transmission: soil organism and an obligate anaerobe that contaminates wounds and causes postpartum infections.
* tuberculosis - OW or NW, NW more resistant than OW; caused by mycobacteria; recognized as a common disease of captive primates for many years; not a disease of wild monkeys - caught from humans; in nonhuman primates the signs of TB may be hard to see - only slight behavioral changes noticed, followed by anorexia and lethargy. Often animals die suddenly while appearing to be in good condition.
transmission: respiratory, oral
* yersiniosis - OW or NW
transmission: wild birds and rodents are reservoir hosts - ingestion of feed contaminated by feces of infected vermin
Fungal Diseases
Several reports have been made on systemic and superficial mycoses in primates. Fortunately, these are isolated cases; however, there is a potential danger to human beings. The primary pathogens are Dermatophilus congolensis (streptothricosis,) Candida albicans, and Trichophyton mentagrophytes (ringworm.)
* blastomycosis - OW or NW
transmission: inhalation
* candidiasis - OW or NW
transmission: ubiquitous organism - opportunistic infection of immunocompromised, usually a secondary disorder
* coccidioidomycosis - OW or NW; limited to arid regions of North & South America
transmission: inhalation of spores
* cryptococcosis - OW or NW
transmission: inhalation
* histoplasmosis - OW
transmission: inhalation of spores of H capsulatum from soil rich in bird or bat excreta. H. duboisii may be spread by dermal contact and may have a long incubation period.
* pneumocystis - OW or NW
transmission: aerosol
* ringworm - OW or NW
* streptothricosis - OW or NW, natural disease has been reported in Aotus and Lagothrix, and experimental infection was in rhesus, cynomolgus, and squirrel monkeys
Parasites
In the wild, many primates scavenge about villages and share not only food but also the parasites of the human inhabitants. Danger from imported animals, therefore, is usually during the first few months after the animal's arrival in the country. If the parasites are effectively eliminated during the initial quarantine adaptation period, the danger of transmission can be eliminated. The most serious danger that arthropods pose is their role as an intermediate biological host for parasitic diseases and as a mechanical vector for infectious organisms. Parasites that need an intermediate host are self-limiting but those having a direct cycle become a continual problem. These include protozoa, nematodes, tapeworms, and arthropods. Possible human infection from primate carriers is a constant threat.
* acanthocephala - thorny-headed worms - NW
transmission: ingestion of intermediate host (cockroach, beetle)
* anatrichosoma - OW
transmission: unknown
* athesmia - common in NW
transmission: mollusk is intermediate host
* cestodes - (tapeworms) - OW or NW; only one (Hymenolepsis nana) of the variety of cestodes is considered a threat to humans
transmission: ingestion of eggs or infected intermediate host
* cutaneous mites - OW or NW
transmission: contact
* filarids - NW or OW, most common in NW
transmission: blood sucking insects
* lice - OW or NW
* lungworms - most common in NW
transmission: larvae passed in feces
* nochtia - OW (primarily Asian macaques)
transmission: oral
* oesophagostomum - nodular worms - OW
transmission: oral
* pentastomes - OW or NW
transmission: oral
* physaloptera
transmission: ingestion of intermediate host (cockroach)
* respiratory mites - normally OW
transmission: unknown, close contact required
* schistosoma - OW or NW
transmission: snail is intermediate host
* strongyloidiasis - (nematodes) - NW or OW, common in many species of nonhuman primate and, because of its direct life cycle, can be infectious for humans. There are three species
transmission: oral, skin penetration
* trichuris - whipworms - OW or NW
transmission: oral
Protozoan Parasites
Many protozoa require arthropod vectors; with vector control, they do not cause a significant problem to man outside the environmental range of the arthropod. Giardia and Entamoeba histolytica are the two primary pathogens not requiring an arthropod vector. Although plasmodia cause malaria, a disease of major importance, they are usually specific for each primate except in experimental situations and are rarely transmitted between nonhuman primates and humans in North America.
* amoeba - OW or NW - amebiasis is a severe disease of human and nonhuman primate
transmission: oral
* balantidium - OW or NW; distributed worldwide, common in swine. Humans, great apes, & several monkey species may carry it.
transmission: oral - ingestion of cysts or trophozoites from infected animal or human feces. Contaminated water or food.
* cryptosporidiosis - uncommon
transmission: fecal-oral
* encephalitozoonosis - NW
transmission: oral, transplacental; organisms shed in urine
* giardiasis - asymptomati
Snow Monkey
Weight: 8 to 13 kilos.
Body Length: 45" to 55"
Prehensile Tail Length: 7" to 9"
Average Lifespan: 25 to 30 years.
Native to: Northern Japan. (See Map)
Breeding: October - December.
Sexual Maturity: Female; 2 to 3 years. Male; 4 to 5 years.
Gestation Period: around 170 days.
No. of Offspring: 1
Diet: Shoots, Leaves, Insects, Fruit, Nuts - depending on season.
Snow Monkeys live in areas where the temperature is an average of -10ºC. The older a Snow Monkey
becomes the more red its face and bottom become. Groups of Snow Monkeys are primarily formed by
adult females, there are roughly three time the number of adult females than there are adult males and
young. Females tend to stay within their group their entire lives, but the males will often leave the group
for another before sexual maturity. Males tend to be a little larger and heavier than the females
Spider Monkey Facts
Weight: 13 to 25 lbs.
Body Length: 16" to 20"
Prehensile Tail Length: 26" to 34"
Lifespan: 20 to 40 years.
Native to: Brazil, Guiana, Ecuador. (See Map)
Breeding: Non-Seasonal
Sexual Maturity: 4 to 5 Years
Gestation Period: 225 to 230 days
No. of Offspring: 1
Diet: Fruit, Leaves, Plants, Seeds, Nuts, Grain, Insects.
Spider Monkeys are very good climbers and are usually found in groups of around 30, often
broken up into smaller sub-groups of around 3 or 4. They have hook-like fingers, but no thumb,
and the tip of their tail can support the weight of their entire body. They will use all five
appendages; arms, legs and tail, to scramble through trees. The Spider Monkey offspring are
dependent on their mothers for the first 2 to 3 years, with the females giving birth every 3 to 4
years. Females tend to be a little larger and heavier than the males.
Colobus monkeys
Weight: 30 lbs
Body Length: 62"
Tail length: N/A
Lifespan: 20 to 24 years
Native to: Central Africa from Cameroon to Ethiopia and Tanzania
Breeding: N/A
Sexual Maturity: N/A
Gestation period: 5 to 6 months
No. of offspring: 1
Habitat: Primary and secondary forests along river banks
Diet: Leaves, buds, seeds, shoots, and occasionally fruit
Colobus monkeys have a long,
black fur coat with a white stripe running down the sides of their backs
to their tails. Their bushy tails, which often exceeds the length of their
bodies. These animals live in territorial groups of seven to 11 members, including a
single male, females and their young. Babies are all white at birth.
Females in the group remain for life, males leave as they near sexual
maturity. Troops maintain a territory, within which they communicate
vocally to mark their territory and warn of danger. Colobus rarely
descend to the ground.
Squirrel monkey facts
Weight: 1 to 3 lbs.
Body Length: 10" to 14"
Prehensile Tail Length: 14" to 18"
Average Lifespan: Around 15 years.
Native to: Peru, Paraguay, Brazil, Bolivia. (See Map)
Breeding: Seasonal - Lasting 2 Months
Sexual Maturity: Female; 2 to 3 years. Male; 4 to 5 years.
Gestation Period: around 180 days
No. of Offspring: 1
Diet: Birds Eggs, Insects, Fruit, Nuts.
Squirrel Monkeys move through trees by leaping, Squirrel Monkeys tails are only partly prehensile.
They can be found in groups of anything from 10 to 200, often broken up into smaller sub-groups of
Female and infant, Adult Male, and Juvenile. They are the most common monkey in South-America. The
Squirrel Monkey offspring are dependent on their mothers for the 6 months, and when the female is
sexually mature, she will leave her family group in search of another. Males tend to be a little larger
OWL MONKEY
Appearance:
Fairly similar in appearance, white black and white facial markings, gray to brown colored
back, large eyes - the largest of any South American primate (for night vision,) and
non-prehensile tail. Difference is mainly in the undercoat and neck color. They are normally
11-16 inches long in body, with males slightly longer, and weigh around 2 pounds.
Red-necked owl monkeys are a bit heavier than gray.
Range and Diet:
Primarily Brazil, also found in southern Central America and as far south as Argentina.
Found in forest habitats. Fruit accounts for most of their diet, but they will also eat leaves,
flowers, sap, and animal prey.
What Is a Primate?
There are four kinds of primates: prosimians (pre-monkeys), monkeys, apes and humans. Primates are designed for life in trees. Most have opposable thumbs on both hands and feet for grasping branches. Their eyes face forward for binocular vision, which is necessary for depth perception and successful navigation in three dimensional space.
Prosimians, the most primitive of the primates, include lemurs (LEE-mers), lorises and bushbabies.
Lemurs live only on the island of Madagascar. Loss of habitat has greatly endangered their future. Currently the Saint Louis Zoo is home to six species of lemur. For years the Zoo has conducted extensive research on the reproduction and behavior of the black lemur and is well known for the success of its breeding program.
Monkeys are divided into two geographically separate groups - the New World monkeys of South America and the Old World monkeys, found in Africa and Asia. The Old World monkeys include some terrestrial species such as the baboons, while New World monkeys are exclusively arboreal. Some New World monkeys have a prehensile, or grasping, tail. The tail can be used like a hand.
Communication
Prosimians communicate extensively through scent marking. Scent marks can convey information on the individual's sex, identity, reproductive state and possibly mood.
In contrast, monkeys rely more on visual means of communication such as postures and facial expressions. Sitting in close contact is actually a form of ongoing communication. Huddling with a companion confirms and reinforces positive social relationships.
Prosimians use a comb-like row of lower incisors and a specialized claw on the back feet for grooming, whereas monkeys use their hands. While grooming serves a practical purpose in ridding animals of parasites and dirt, its social function of building friendly relations is even more important.
Facial expressions can communicate a wide variety of emotional states and intentions. The open-mouth stare is a low-level threat. When the intensity of the threat increases, the primate leans forward with its head lowered and exposes its teeth more.
Pursing of the lips is seen in many contexts. It is often used to reduce tension, such as when two primates greet each other, or when an individual has been the recipient of an open-mouth stare.
Originally posted by ark13Thanks. Hm, I think I'll have to sleep over those little details, maybe my dreams will reveal something important. Good night everybody! 🙂
I thought it was the best one so far. Very insightful. I believe that you're captured the overall feeling of the dream. But I still feel that there's some meaning in those little details too.
Originally posted by ark13Little known monkey facts (in fact , these are so little known you can't find them in the "innernets", apologies to "w"😉:
Snow Monkey
Weight: 8 to 13 kilos.
Body Length: 45" to 55"
Prehensile Tail Length: 7" to 9"
Average Lifespan: 25 to 30 years.
Native to: Northern Japan. (See Map)
Breeding: October - December.
Sexual Maturity: Female; 2 ...[text shortened]... when an individual has been the recipient of an open-mouth stare.
1 - Colobus the monkey discovered the new world monkeys .
2- Snow monkeys do not melt when cooked .
3- Spider monkeys have 8 arms .
4- Squirrel monkeys bury their nuts in the ground . This makes them easy to catch which is why they're endangered .
5- The Great Horned Owl Monkeys does not have true horns on their heads . Those are feathers .